English IPA Chart — Symbols and Examples

What this chart covers

The symbols this site uses for English in two reference systems, General American and British RP-style. It is not the complete International Phonetic Alphabet, it does not claim that either system is the only way English is spoken, and it has no audio. Marks such as stress and length are listed separately and are not sounds.

Names and notes are drafts that have not been reviewed yet, so example words are not shown. Reviewed entries show their review date.

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System

Consonants

SymbolNameGeneral AmericanBritish RP-styleNotesExamplesActions
pvoiceless bilabial plosiveUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
bvoiced bilabial plosiveUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
tvoiceless alveolar plosiveUsedUsedBroad transcription: no flap or glottal-stop variants are written.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
dvoiced alveolar plosiveUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
kvoiceless velar plosiveUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɡvoiced velar plosiveUsedUsedWritten with the IPA letter ɡ (U+0261), not the keyboard letter g.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
fvoiceless labiodental fricativeUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
vvoiced labiodental fricativeUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
θvoiceless dental fricative (theta)UsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ðvoiced dental fricative (eth)UsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
svoiceless alveolar fricativeUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
zvoiced alveolar fricativeUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ʃvoiceless postalveolar fricative (esh)UsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ʒvoiced postalveolar fricative (ezh)UsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
hvoiceless glottal fricativeUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
tʃvoiceless postalveolar affricateUsedUsedTwo letters that count as one sound; inserted as one unit.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
dʒvoiced postalveolar affricateUsedUsedTwo letters that count as one sound; inserted as one unit.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
mbilabial nasalUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
nalveolar nasalUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ŋvelar nasal (eng)UsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
lalveolar lateral approximantUsedUsedBroad transcription: “dark l” is written l.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
rEnglish r soundUsedUsedThis product writes the English r sound as r in both systems. It does not claim a trill, and RP linking or intrusive r is not added.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
jpalatal approximantUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
wlabial-velar approximantUsedUsed—Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard

Vowels and diphthongs

SymbolNameGeneral AmericanBritish RP-styleNotesExamplesActions
iclose front unrounded vowelUsedUsedGeneral American FLEECE. In RP-style it is the short weak vowel; FLEECE is iː.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
iːclose front unrounded vowel, longNot used in this profileUsedRP-style FLEECE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɪnear-close near-front unrounded vowelUsedUsedKIT.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
eclose-mid front unrounded vowelNot used in this profileUsedRP-style DRESS. General American writes DRESS as ɛ and uses e only inside eɪ.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɛopen-mid front unrounded vowelUsedNot used in this profileGeneral American DRESS.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ænear-open front unrounded vowel (ash)UsedUsedTRAP.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɑopen back unrounded vowelUsedNot used in this profileGeneral American LOT and PALM.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɑːopen back unrounded vowel, longNot used in this profileUsedRP-style PALM, START and BATH.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɒopen back rounded vowelNot used in this profileUsedRP-style LOT.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɔopen-mid back rounded vowelUsedNot used in this profileGeneral American THOUGHT; the data keeps the ɑ/ɔ difference where the source has it.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɔːopen-mid back rounded vowel, longNot used in this profileUsedRP-style THOUGHT, NORTH and FORCE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ʊnear-close near-back rounded vowelUsedUsedFOOT.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
uclose back rounded vowelUsedUsedGeneral American GOOSE. In RP-style it is the short weak vowel; GOOSE is uː.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
uːclose back rounded vowel, longNot used in this profileUsedRP-style GOOSE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ʌopen-mid back unrounded vowelUsedUsedSTRUT. The General American data writes stressed STRUT as ə, so GA results do not contain ʌ.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
əmid central vowel (schwa)UsedUsedUnstressed vowels; in General American results also stressed STRUT.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɜːopen-mid central unrounded vowel, longNot used in this profileUsedRP-style NURSE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɝopen-mid central unrounded vowel, r-colouredUsedNot used in this profileGeneral American NURSE. The GA data writes every r-coloured vowel as ɝ, stressed or not.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɚmid central vowel, r-colouredUsedNot used in this profileUnstressed r-coloured vowel in General American. The GA data writes ɝ instead, so GA results do not contain ɚ.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
eɪclosing diphthong from e to ɪUsedUsedFACE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
aɪclosing diphthong from a to ɪUsedUsedPRICE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɔɪclosing diphthong from ɔ to ɪUsedUsedCHOICE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
oʊclosing diphthong from o to ʊUsedNot used in this profileGeneral American GOAT.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
əʊclosing diphthong from ə to ʊNot used in this profileUsedRP-style GOAT.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
aʊclosing diphthong from a to ʊUsedUsedMOUTH.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ɪəcentring diphthong from ɪ to əNot used in this profileUsedRP-style NEAR.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
eəcentring diphthong from e to əNot used in this profileUsedRP-style SQUARE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ʊəcentring diphthong from ʊ to əNot used in this profileUsedRP-style CURE.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard

Marks

SymbolNameGeneral AmericanBritish RP-styleNotesExamplesActions
ˈprimary stress markUsedUsedPlaced before the stressed syllable. A mark, not a sound.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ˌsecondary stress markUsedUsedPlaced before a syllable with secondary stress. A mark, not a sound.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
ːlength markNot used in this profileUsedFollows a long vowel in RP-style notation. A mark, not a sound; General American does not use it.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard
.syllable breakUsedUsedSeparates syllables where the data marks them. A mark, not a sound.Not reviewed yetOpen keyboard